Synthesis Reactions
Watch the following video from 2:39 to 4:29 to view a synthesis reaction.
Try predicting the products for the following synthesis reaction: O2 + Mg ->
Watch the following video from 3:05 to 4:23 to view the answer.
Try predicting the products for the following synthesis reaction: Zn + S->
Watch the following video from 4:40 to 6:15 to view the answer.
Watch the following video from 4:40 to 6:15 to view the answer.
Decomposition Reactions
A decomposition reaction is a reaction in which one reactant is broken down into two or more different products.
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Watch the following video from 1:50 to 3:31 to view a decomposition reaction.
Normally, some type of energy is needed for a decomposition reaction to occur (heat, light or electricity).
Try predicting the products for the following decomposition reaction: H2O->
Watch the following video from 0:29 to 1:30 to view the answer.
Try predicting the products for the following decomposition reaction: HgO->
Watch the following video to view the answer.
Watch the following video to view the answer.
Combustion Reactions
A combustion reaction is a reaction that occurs when fuel (many times a hydrocarbon) and oxygen react to form products and energy (heat and light).
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Yulo1985, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
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Watch the following video to learn about combustion reactions.
Write the chemical reaction for the complete combustion of methane CH4.
Watch the following video from 3:37 to 4:23 to view the answer.
Single-Displacement Reactions
(Single-Replacement Reactions)
A single-displacement reaction is a reaction in which one element is replaced by another, and the reactants are always one element and one compound.
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Watch the following video from 1:00 to 2:26 to learn about single-displacement reactions.
https://youtu.be/qhmTXdOKTBo
When dealing with single-replacement reactions, a reaction may not occur. To see if a reaction will occur when looking at cations, we need to look at an "Activity Series of Metals." This list shows how reactive metals are in a single displacement reaction. The more reactive elements are more likely to react. So, a more reactive element will replace a less reactive element, but not the other way around. Take a look at the Activity Series of Metals to the right. This will help determine when a reaction will occur between cations.
Examples:
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https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/teach/activity/spacecraft-materials-and-the-chemistry-of-space-exploration/
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To determine if an anion will react, you need to look at the periodic table to see if a halogen will replace a different halogen. Activity decreases as you go down the halogen group on the periodic table.
Examples:
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Try predicting the products for the following single-displacement reaction: Cl2 + NaBr->
Watch the following video from 2:55 to 3:27 to view the answer.
Try predicting the products for the following single-displacement reaction: CuCl2 + Al->
Watch the following video from 3:49 t0 6:48 to view the answer.
Double-Displacement Reactions
(Double-Replacement Reactions)
A double-displacement reaction is a reaction in which two ionic compounds exchange ions to form two new ionic compounds.
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Watch the following video from 0:00 to 3:27 to learn about double-displacement reactions.
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Now, let's discuss how we can tell if a compound will be a solid (s) or aqueous (aq). To do this, a solubility table will be used. How do you use the solubility table?
- I means not soluble = Solid (s)
- This is the precipitate
- This is the precipitate
- S means it is soluble in water = aqueous (aq)
- AgBr has the following components:
- Ag+ and Br-
- These two elements cross at I, so the compound AgBr is a solid.
- Ag+ and Br-
- AgF has the following components:
- Ag+ and F-
- These two elements cross at S, so the compound is aqueous.
- Ag+ and F-
Try predicting the products for the following double-displacement reaction: Al2(CO3)3 + K2O->
Watch the following video from 1:27 to 2:56 to view the answer.
What will the products be, and what will the compounds be (s, l, g, or aq) for AgNO3 + K2CrO4-> ?
Watch the following video from 1:08 to 5:20 to view the answer.
Note: Ignore the part about balancing chemical equations. You will learn about balancing chemical equations in a future lesson.